Abu-Tammam is one of the rational in Abbasid era who has used the implicating linguistic tools for the expression of his own thought content. This study aims to investigate his capability on the understanding of different language implication and also his subtle utterances via using linguistic tools in four categories: phonetic, morphology, syntax and lexicon, so that we can discover some tool-based methods of this thoughtful poets on the expression of his own thought principals and know, which considering the meaning of ambiguity and vagueness, why this poet has chosen the word "AL-HEQBAH" which is more ambiguous and vague compared to its similar word "AL-HOQOB" the former portrays more length and unclearness in time for the audience and since he aims to clarify the rapid movement and the fast and rotational leap of camels and their running flow on this utterance. He has chosen the word "RATAKAN", which is based on its phonetic morphologic structure, derived from the rhythm of "FAALAN" and the sequence of "FATHE", the phone of a, on its three letters show clearly the meaning of joyfulness and shaking in that camels leap. From syntax and morphology point of view, this article also tries to achieve some clues on tool-based style of Abu-Tammam in implicative field of language.

Today, literature and poetry have a more comprehensive definition than mere literary expression with academic meanings and tools. Literature is the collection of all the scientific abilities of the language in the field of structure and richness. The artistic creativity of the poet and the employment of excellent compositions and themes lead to the production of a literary and artistic work, which can be found in the excitement and expansion of the audience. The aim of this research is to reach the communication network of all the factors related to the language and the appearance of the word, which not only carries the meaning, but also creates a different meaning and concept from the apparent meaning that results from the phonetic, lexical or visual mechanism. A network that is referred to as "artwork". Artistic device (prime) is a meta-array approach to the aesthetic tools of language in poetry, which formalists consider to be the art of alienating language from the mind of the audience.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Describing and illustrating is one of the most important abilities of a poet in creating a poetic work,Because he does this by using his mental and scientific resources and using linguistic and expressive possibilities. Ferdowsi Shahnameh is one of the poems that has a high status from this perspective. Hakim Toos has finally described the artistry of situations, people, conversations, scenes and events, and has created original, attractive and lasting images. In this article, an attempt is made to examine the secret of the beauty and attractiveness of Ferdowsi's descriptions in the Shahnameh, how and by what tricks did Ferdowsi create such images? METHODOLOGY: The method of this research is descriptive and content analysis and data have been collected based on library studies and many diagrams have been drawn. FINDINGS: The study of the descriptions of Shahnameh shows that Ferdowsi did not ignore humans, animals, nature, objects and even abstract concepts in both epic and lyrical descriptions and in this way he used linguistic and expressive possibilities. CONCLUSION: The secret of the attractiveness of Shahnameh descriptions in Ferdowsi's artistic and creative use of linguistic, expressive and imaginative possibilities. With his unique mastery and using these facilities, he was able to show the peak of epic and lyrical images that are unique in their kind.

The class of Hybrid Linear and Circular Antenna arrays is presented. The properties of linear and circular antenna arrays are combined to obtain hybrid array types: concentric circular, cylindrical, and coaxial cylindrical antenna arrays. These three types are defined, the expressions of their array factors are derived, their directivities and half power beam widths (HPBW) are simulated. The obtained plots are approximated by curve fitting. Different combinations of excitation currents (e.g. uniform, Chebyshev, Bessel, …) can exist on the elements of the same antenna array.

Supplying the energy demanded by spacecraft and satellites is an ever-increasing need. As a result, it is an active field in developing space technologies. In addition to the commonly used rigid substrate solar arrays, flexible substrate and concentrator solar arrays are other available categories. This paper reviewed the developments and commercial technologies in each category. The flexible solar arrays, implemented in several spacecraft during the last two decades, have recently attracted attention in satellites. It seems that these arrays will replace rigid arrays in the near term due to their higher specific power and smaller stow volume than rigid arrays.

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) which is literally defined as a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats is an adaptive immune system in bacteria, which enables them to detect and destroy the DNA of the virus. In fact, CRISPR is a defense mechanism in prokaryotic cells, which induces resistance to foreign genetic content, such as that found in the plasmid or phages. The proteins involved in this mechanism are called CRISPR associated proteins (CAS) which have the ability to search, cut and eventually transform phage DNA in a specific way. The CAS is a protein with an enzymatic function which can be called nuclease, given the fact that it plays a special role in the DNA sequence and CRISPR arrays. The CRISPR technology allows changes in DNA, which enables to modify and make any changes to any gene in any living creature, much more accurately and better than all previous methods. In this review, we introduce the mechanisms and benefits of CRISPR in genome editing, briefly reviewing CRISPR programs in gene therapy exploration and CRISPR’ s ability to produce different types of mutations through different repair mechanisms.